Cyanosis refers to a blue tone visible in the skin and mucous membranes, caused by desaturated or abnormal hemoglobin.
Central cyanosis: Central cyanosis is caused by deoxygenated blood entering the systemic circulation. This is usually due to congenital heart disease (CHD), specifically cardiac defects allowing systemic venous blood to bypass the lungs (right-to-left shunt), rarely it can be caused by respiratory compromise or pharmacologic agents.
Acrocyanosis: Acrocyanosis is the transient blue discoloration of the hands and feet in response to vasomotor instability or a cool environment. It is caused by vasoconstriction of the small arterioles and does not reflect reduced systemic arterial oxygenation.
Mottling: Mottling is the patchy-colored appearance of the body surface, resulting from dilation of the superficial veins showing through the thin neonatal skin
Author(s) Details:
Elsharif Ahmed Bazie,
Elimam Elmahdi University, Sudan.
Mona Isam El-Din Osman,
Sudan International University, Sudan.
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