illness with high medical and economic impacts in many countries. This disease results in the infection of the intermediated host (sheep, cattle, and other livestock as well as humans) in the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus of the Taeniidae family.
The liver, lungs, brain, and other organs are all affected by Hydatid Cysts. The disease spreads in livestock breeding areas and carnivorous animals that are in close contact with humans helps to complete the life cycle of the parasite causing the disease. The life cycle is complete with two species of hosts, the intermediated host such as Sheep, Cows, Horses, Camels, Pigs, and other animals, and the final hosts are Dogs, Wolves, Foxes, and other animals where the adult parasite is present in the intestines and has no symptoms, As well as the human who is sometimes an accidental host interrupted by the life cycle of the parasite.
The disease affects many organs in the human body and the intermediate host, The most common organs are the liver, lung, spleen, kidney, heart, brain, urethra, uterus, fallopian tube, pancreas, mesenteric membrane, muscle and other organs and injury in the brain is more common in children.
Author(s) Details:
Hadi M. Almayali
Biology Determent, Faculty of Education, University of AL-Qadisiyah, Al-Dewania, Iraq.
Haider M. Alkaabi
Biology Determent, Faculty of Education, University of AL-Qadisiyah, Al-Dewania, Iraq.
Recent Global Research Developments in Biosorption of Malathion by Spirogyra sp
Let’s explore recent research developments related to the biosorption of Malathion by Spirogyra sp. Here are the key findings from a study conducted by Chhunthang Liani and SS Katoch [1]:
Objective:
- The study investigated the biosorption of Malathion (an organophosphorus pesticide) from aqueous solutions using green algal biomass of the species Spirogyra.
- Spirogyra is a filamentous freshwater algae with promising properties and potential applications in biotechnology[2] .
Experimental Details:
- Algal Source: The green algae used were collected from the Neugal River near Sujanpur, Himachal Pradesh.
- Biosorption Parameters: Batch experiments examined the effect of contact time, pH, biomass concentration, and initial Malathion concentration.
- UV-Vis Spectrophotometer: Residual Malathion concentration after biosorption was determined at a wavelength of 309 nm.
- Optimal Conditions: Maximum adsorption occurred at pH 7 after a contact time of 5 hours, using an initial Malathion concentration of 100 mg/L and a biomass weight of 75 mg.
Equilibrium Analysis:
- The equilibrium biosorption data were analyzed using the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms.
- The Freundlich isotherm was found to be more favorable than the Langmuir isotherm.
References
- Liani, C., & Katoch, S. S. (2017). Biosorption of Malathion pesticide using Spirogyra sp. International Journal of Environmental and Agriculture Research (IJOEAR), 15-20.
- Vogel, V., Bergmann, P. Culture of Spirogyra sp. in a flat-panel airlift photobioreactor. 3 Biotech 8, 6 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-017-1026-9
To Read the Complete Chapter See Here