In the agrochemical industry pesticides are more important. These are used for the prevention of crops from pests. An average of 2 million tons of pesticides is used each year globally to confront weeds, insects and pests. Around 80,000 tonnes of pesticides are used annually in Indian agriculture, mostly in the production of cotton (45% of total pesticide use), rice (23% of total pesticide use), fruits and vegetables (about 8% of total pesticide use), and cereals, pulses, oilseeds and millets (about 6–7% of total pesticide use). Their use has been largely increased in the last few decades. Chemical pesticides can cause potential adverse effects on plants and other non-target organisms when environmental exposure conditions are vulnerable. Herbicides and insecticides are the most common type of pesticide used, dominating 47.5% and the latter 29.5% of the total pesticide consumption. Different treatment includes soil application, seed treatment, foliar spray etc. Repeated application of pesticides contaminates the soil. Groundnut (Arachis hypogeae L.) is one of the important major, profitable oil seed crops grown throughout the year in India. Groundnut is an invaluable source of protein, calories, essential fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals for human nutrition. The peanut, groundnut pea, goobers or groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a true legume rather than a nut. Soil is the most important site of biological interactions. The application of pesticides starts from pre sowing stage. Repeated application of pesticides contaminates the soil. Amylases are a group of enzymes which play an important role in degrading starch links and glycogen molecules. These enzymes refer to glycoside hydrolase enzymes group which have enzyme commission number. Soil is the most important site of biological interactions. Peanuts are attacked by many economically important pathogenic fungi. These fungi invade all parts of the plant (root, stem, leaf and pod) directly or through wounds.
Author(s) Details:
Ramanamma P,
Sri Krishna Devaraya University, Ananatapuramu, India.
Swetha K,
Sri Krishna Devaraya University, Ananatapuramu, India.
Rangaswamy V,
Sri Krishna Devaraya University, Ananatapuramu, India.
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